Contaminants
Pollutants that runoff from nearby resdiential areas include trash and debris, nutrients, oil and grease, and other pollutants such as fertilizer. Nutrients and suspended solids also drain from Kawai Nui Marsh. High concentration of indicator bacteria is most likely from animal feces, in particular ducks, rather than sewage discharge. Improper disposal of dog feces in the canal may also be a contributing factor.

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